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Il signor Bruschino
''Il signor Bruschino, ossia Il figlio per azzardo'' ''(Signor Bruschino, or The Accidental Son)'' is a one act operatic farce (farsa giocosa per musica) by Gioachino Rossini to a libretto by Giuseppe Maria Foppa, based upon the play ''Le fils par hasard, ou ruse et folie'' by Alissan de Chazet and E.T.M. Ourry. The opera was first performed in Venice at the Teatro San Moisè on 27 January 1813.
From 1810 to 1813, the young Rossini composed four Italian farces, beginning with ''La cambiale di matrimonio'' (''Bill of Exchange of Marriage''), his first opera, and ending with ''Il signor Bruschino''. These types of short pieces were popular in Venice at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century. The pieces were intimate, with a cast of five to eight singers, always including a pair of lovers, here Sofia and Florville, at least two comic parts, here Bruschino senior, Gaudenzio and Filiberto, and one or more minor roles, here Marianna, Bruschino junior and a policeman. The style called for much visual comedy improvised by the players, and often a compulsive linguistic ‘tic’. Here, Bruschino senior often repeats the phrase "Oh, it’s so hot!". As compared with many genres of opera, acting and comedic talent is more important relative to the required singing ability. Rossini’s farces also have a significant sentimental element. Overall, it has been described as "a vivacious and fast-moving musical comedy, whose graceful score reveals traces still of Cimarosa and even Mozart.〔Osborne, Charles 1994, p. 28〕
''Il signor Bruschino'' is forward-looking in its use of new musical effects. For example, in the overture, the second violins are instructed to tap their bows on their music stands. This lighthearted, energetic overture is one of several by Rossini to have gained considerable importance in the modern concert repertoire.
==Performance history==
The opera was not given in North America nor in Britain until the 20th century. Its New York premiere took place on 9 December 1932 at the Metropolitan Opera and it was first seen on 14 July 1960 in England, presented by the Kent Opera Group, an amateur company.〔Gossett and Brauner 2001, p. 779〕〔Osborne Charles 1994, p. 27〕 It is performed infrequently, but other performances have taken place "in Italy and elsewhere in Europe", in particular, stagings in Paris and Macerata in 1992.〔
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